What is Matter?

Definition of Matter

     Matter, generally defined as anything that has mass and occupies space is classified to exist in four of the known states viz. solid, liquid, gas and plasma. Matter has been proved to exhibit wave nature as well as particle nature. With the development of the 'String Theory', the definition of matter has witnessed a drastic change for now the fundamental particles were not atoms or molecules, not even proton, electron and neutron. Now the fundamental particle in nature was defined to be a string. A question that arises in mind is that how is matter related to fundamental particle? The answer follows by the relation that anything and everything in the world is a singular or a combination set of the fundamental particle(s). Lately the matter is defined as the different modes of vibrations of the fundamental particle, string (based on String Theory). Defining precisely matter consists of particles that are themselves different modes of vibration of the fundamental particle - string.

Superstring Theory: The Excitement

        With the change in physics we are witnessing the better understanding of space, time and origin of the universe. The atoms were earlier considered to be the fundamental particles of the universe but with this theory in place, strings were placed as the fundamental particles of the universe. The birth of string theory has revolutionized the world of physics. Some people claim it to be the final theory - Theory of Everything (TOE). It is interesting to know that the whole of  information about the universe which has been collected over thousands of years can now be derived from this single theory as expected by the supporting physicists. German physicists have compiled the whole of physics in an encyclopedia. This new theory has been compared to the transition of man from real to complex numbers in mathematics. The theory with its elegant mathematics and beauty provides answer to many of the baffling questions which were not answered by the previous theories such as the existence of diversity of substances and billions of combinations. Only time will prove its accuracy, but for now we have a new theory with promising features.